• 5-HTP is a precursor to serotonin*1

• Serotonin is associated with mood and sleep*2

• L-theanine is a glutamate receptor antagonist*3

• Glutamate is associated with anxiousness and stress*4

• Taurine is a GABA-A agonist*5

• GABA is associated with mood and anxiousness*6

1. Li et al. 2013.

2. Ursin 2002; Dell-Osso et al. 2016.

3. Kakuda et al. 2002.

4. Cortese and Phan 2005; Bagley and Moghaddam 1997;

McEwen 1999; Moghaddam 1993; Moghaddam et al. 1994;

Moghaddam 2002.

5. Jia et al. 2008.

6. Kalueff and Allan 2007.